Essay Masterclass  /  Module Seven

The remaining archetypes

1

Community

The prompt asks about a community you belong to. Almost every student reads it as a request to name a demographic, and then writes about the demographic rather than about themselves inside it.

What it is actually testing is whether you can see a group from the inside, including its awkward parts, and whether you do anything in it besides belong.

Which means the strongest answers are frequently about very small communities. Look at what works in the bank: a family with unusual food traditions, a school in Rio joined after seven years abroad, a fifth-grade classroom in a hometown the writer had been away from, a group of adult learners in a small room with a doorless entrance.1

That last one is worth reading closely, because it does the thing this prompt rewards.

Rodrigo, who lost his hand in a construction accident, has dreams of opening his own convenience store.2

The writer's community is a class she teaches, and she introduces it by naming a specific person and what he wants. Not what the group represents. One person, with a hand and an ambition. You cannot fake that sentence and a reader knows it.

If you do not have an obvious community

Plenty of students genuinely do not. No strong cultural identity, no religion, no team, no obvious group. This is not a disadvantage and the answer is not to manufacture one.

Three routes that work.

A community of two or three. You and your brother. You and the two people you actually talk to. Small is not disqualifying and specificity is the whole game.

A community you joined rather than inherited. A forum, a game, a subject, a shop where you worked. Chosen communities are often more revealing than inherited ones because the choosing is itself evidence.

Being outside one. A completely legitimate answer, and the honest version is more interesting than a forced one. The writer who returned to Rio and had to join a school where everybody already knew each other is answering the prompt by writing about not belonging, and it works.

The trap in that third route is self-pity, and it is a narrow path. Write the mechanics of being outside, what you noticed from there, and what you did about it. Not how it felt.

2

Identity

Closely related and differently dangerous.

The failure here is writing an essay about a category rather than about a person. An answer that could be written by anybody sharing your background is not an answer about you, and this happens most to students whose background is genuinely central to their lives, because the material feels too big to be specific about.

The repair is always downward. Not what it means to be from somewhere, but one hour in one kitchen. Not the experience of migration, but the specific thing that was confusing about a Tuesday in a new school.

Look at the two moves in this opening.

Whanau. This Maori word, meaning family, encapsulates two things that are essential to who I am.3

One word, then its translation, then a claim about the writer. Nine words in and we are already at the person rather than the culture. Compare the version almost every student writes, which spends its first sixty words explaining the culture and never arrives.

Two rules for hard material

These prompts attract difficult family history, and Module Three's tests apply here at higher stakes.

Other people get their own reasons. A parent who was strict was strict for reasons, and an essay that grants them those reasons is more persuasive than one that does not, because it shows the writer can hold a perspective other than their own.

Nothing asks the reader for sympathy. An answer that positions the reader as somebody who ought to feel sorry for you has changed the transaction, and it is detectable. Write it as something you understand rather than as something you need acknowledged.4

And the practical override from Module Three still stands. There is no prize for choosing the hardest available material. If the honest answer to this prompt is something modest, write the modest thing well.

3

The Question

The intellectual curiosity prompt, and the one where the gap between the good and the average answers is widest.

Average answers describe a class. Good answers describe a question the writer has not finished with.

That is the whole distinction and it is worth stating flatly. Do not write about a subject you like. Write about something you do not know the answer to. A class you enjoyed is a report on the past. An open question is evidence of a mind still running, which is the thing being scored.

The test is simple: after reading your answer, could a reader ask you a follow-up question that you would be pleased to be asked? If your answer is a summary of what you learned, there is nothing to ask.

Surrounded by less than two cells, one dies of starvation.5

That is the whole first sentence of an admitted academic-interest supplement. It is a rule from a cellular automaton, stated as though it were a fact about a person, and it puts the reader inside the writer's actual interest rather than describing it from outside. Ten words, no mention of enjoying biology.

Three things that help.

Name the thing that annoys you about your subject. A real irritation with a field is stronger evidence of engagement than praise for it. Somebody who is bothered by something has been paying attention.

Include a dead end. Something you tried that did not work, or a book you did not finish and why. Curiosity with no failure in it reads as a claim rather than a history.

Go outside the classroom for at least one item. Admissions blogs at technical schools say this repeatedly and students consistently ignore it: what you did unsupervised is worth more than what you did for a grade.6

4

The Hundred and Fifty

Tell us more about one activity, in a hundred and fifty words. Small, frequent, and badly done almost universally because students treat it as a description.

It is not a description. The reader already has the activity list. This is the elaboration, which means its job is to add what the list could not carry.

So skip the summary. No sentence explaining what debate is, or what the role of a treasurer involves. Start at the specific thing.

Despite my passion and the fact that I've been dancing since I was four, ballet isn't natural for my body; I was born with little flexibility and feet with low arches.7

Thirty-one words and it has already conceded something. The writer is not telling us she dances, which is on the list. She is telling us the body she is doing it with, which is not.

Notice also the structure available here. A hundred and fifty words fits one small scene plus one sentence of consequence. It does not fit an arc, and trying to compress a narrative into it produces the thing that reads as a summary of a longer essay.

Two more moves worth using.

Start where you were bad at it. One admitted answer opens with joining debate as a reluctant ninth grader at his parents' insistence. Starting from reluctance gives you somewhere to travel in a hundred and fifty words, and starting from competence gives you nowhere.

Name one thing you changed. Not one thing you achieved. Anybody can list an outcome. Naming the specific practice, rule or system you altered is much harder to invent and much more informative about what you would be like on a campus.

5

The Strange Ones

Chicago's invented prompts, the odd short takes, the questions that are clearly testing something other than what they ask. These frighten students more than any other category and they are the most enjoyable to write once you understand what is happening.

They are testing whether you can play. Not whether you are clever. The distinction matters: a strange prompt answered with a display of cleverness is a worse answer than one answered with genuine curiosity about the strangeness.

Commit to the premise completely. The single commonest failure is hedging. A student given an absurd question writes two sentences of the absurd answer and then explains what it reveals about their leadership. That explanation is the failure. If the question is silly, be silly all the way to the end, and trust the reader to draw the conclusion.

Answer the question you were actually asked. The second commonest failure is using a strange prompt as a vehicle for a prepared answer about yourself. Readers set these prompts precisely to defeat prepared answers, so a recycled one is more visible here than anywhere else.

Spend your whole humour budget here and nowhere else. Module Four's rules hold: understatement rather than jokes, precision rather than punchlines, at your own expense. But this is the one place in the file where the register can be light throughout rather than in one or two moments.8

One tactical note. Several of these prompts recur every year, including one built around a line of Oscar Wilde about being careful in the choice of one's enemies. Recurring does not mean you should look up previous answers. It means the reader has seen a thousand of them, which raises the cost of the obvious response and lowers the risk of the strange one.

6

The Core

Now the thing that makes the volume survivable, and it has to be done deliberately or it becomes the copy-paste failure instead.

Several schools will ask you the same archetype. Four community prompts, five academic-interest prompts, three of the second personal statement. You do not write those from scratch each time and you do not send the same text either.

Write one core, then write school-specific ends.

The core is the part that is about you: the anecdote, the reasoning, the change of mind. That is genuinely reusable, because it does not change according to who is asking. The ends are the parts that touch the school, and those are written fresh every time.

In practice a hundred and fifty word community answer might be a hundred words of core and fifty words of school-specific material, and a four hundred word one might be two hundred and fifty and a hundred and fifty. The proportions vary. The principle does not: no sentence containing the school's name is ever reused, and no sentence about what this place offers is ever reused.

Two disciplines make this safe.

Keep an anecdote ledger. A one-page list of every story you have used, and where. Updated after every draft. Ten minutes every few days, and it prevents the error a reader actually notices, which is the same story appearing twice inside one school's file.

Vary the core, not just the ends. If four schools get the same community anecdote, a reader at any one of them sees nothing wrong. But you have spent your best material once and told four schools the same thing about yourself, which wastes three opportunities to show something else. Where you have two good anecdotes, split them across the list rather than sending your favourite everywhere.9

The work

1

Community

  1. List every group you belong to, including ones of two or three people, ones you chose, and ones you are on the edge of.
  2. For the strongest candidate, name one specific person in it and what they want. One sentence, like Rodrigo and the convenience store.
  3. Write what you do in that community besides belong to it.
  4. If nothing on your list is obvious, use a chosen community or write honestly about being outside one. Then check for self-pity: the answer describes mechanics and observations, not feelings.

Done when your answer contains a named person and something you do rather than something you are.

2

Identity

  1. Write your first draft, then delete every sentence that explains a category rather than a person. Most drafts lose their first two sentences.
  2. Replace what you cut with one hour in one place.
  3. Find anybody in the answer who is being treated as a force rather than a person, and give them a reason of their own.
  4. Read it once asking whether it requests sympathy. If it does, rewrite the requesting sentence as an observation.

Done when nothing in the answer could be written by somebody else who shares your background.

3

The Question

  1. Write down a question in your subject that you do not know the answer to and have thought about unprompted.
  2. Write down what annoys you about your field. Include it.
  3. Write down one dead end: something you tried that failed, or a book you abandoned and why.
  4. Draft the answer using all three, with at least one item from outside a classroom.
  5. Test it. Could a reader ask you a follow-up you would enjoy? If not, you have written a report.

Done when the answer contains an open question, an irritation, and one failure.

4

The Hundred and Fifty

  1. Pick your activity and write the answer without any sentence that explains what the activity is.
  2. Start either at a specific moment or at the point where you were bad at it.
  3. Name one thing you changed, not one thing you achieved.
  4. Cut to a hundred and fifty words. One scene plus one sentence of consequence. If you are trying to fit an arc, you are over-scoped.

Done when the answer adds something the activity list could not carry and fits the limit.

5

The Strange Ones

  1. Take your strangest prompt and answer it in one sitting without stopping to judge it.
  2. Then check two things. Have you committed to the premise all the way to the last line, and have you avoided explaining what the answer reveals about you.
  3. Delete any sentence that pivots back to your qualities. That sentence is the failure.
  4. Check you have not smuggled in a prepared answer from another prompt.

Done when the answer commits to its own premise and never explains itself.

6

The Core

  1. Group every remaining prompt by archetype. For each group, write one core: the part about you, with no school named anywhere in it.
  2. Then write the school-specific ends, fresh, one per school.
  3. Start the anecdote ledger. One page, every story and where it is used, updated after every draft.
  4. Check the ledger for two things. The same story twice inside one school. And your best anecdote sent to every school, which wastes the others.
  5. Finish every response for every early school well before its deadline. First draft of everything else before the first deadline.

Done when every archetype has a core, the ends are all school-specific, and the ledger is current.

The whole module, in six lines

1. Community
Name one person in it and what they want, and say what you do there besides belong. Small communities work. Being outside one works, without self-pity.
2. Identity
Write the person, never the category. One hour in one kitchen rather than what it means to be from somewhere. Other people get their own reasons, and nothing asks for sympathy.
3. The Question
Not a subject you like, something you do not know the answer to. Include what annoys you about the field and one dead end, and go outside the classroom at least once.
4. The Hundred and Fifty
The list already has the activity, so add what it could not carry. Start where you were bad at it and name what you changed rather than what you achieved.
5. The Strange Ones
They test whether you can play. Commit to the premise to the last line, never explain what it reveals, and spend the whole humour budget here.
6. The Core
One core about you, school-specific ends written fresh. Keep an anecdote ledger, never repeat inside one file, and split your good stories across the list rather than sending the favourite everywhere.

If you keep one sentence: every one of these prompts is asking for one specific person doing one specific thing, and the category, the subject and the activity are all things the reader already has.

Notes

Every student essay quoted on this page is reproduced in full, with its source, in References.

  1. In order, from the References: Emory Supplement B, Brown Supplement D, Rice Supplement C, Vanderbilt Supplement C. All from admitted files.
  2. Vanderbilt Supplement C in the References, quoted as written.
  3. University of Southern California Supplement A in the References.
  4. Both rules restate Module Three. On writing difficult material without performing it, Melissa Febos, Body Work. The tests as stated are ours.
  5. Columbia Supplement F in the References, an academic interest response from an admitted file.
  6. On unsupervised work counting for more than graded work, the MIT and Georgia Tech admissions blogs. The three suggestions are ours.
  7. Brown Supplement A in the References. The reluctant debater referred to below is Vanderbilt Supplement A.
  8. The humour rules are Module Four's, which has no book source and is built from our essay bank and the Johns Hopkins committee comments. The Oscar Wilde prompt appears in our essay bank as a Chicago question.
  9. The core and ends method, the anecdote ledger and the argument for splitting anecdotes across a list are all ours.